Building An Annotated Bibliography Research Paper

Building An Annotated Bibliography - Research Paper Example This notice gives valuable data to build up the presentation. Critically, it would be utilized in the body of the undertaking to contend against the wrongdoing obstacle impact of the death penalty. Besides, it offers proof to dishonor those contending for utilization of the death penalty to stop wrongdoing because of absence of exploration. This book gives a wide range of data on wrongdoing and degenerate conduct from a sociological point of view. The creators bolster capital punishment for utilitarian reasons and retaliation. All things considered, they give contentions of when capital punishment accomplishes more damage than hindering wrongdoing. They back up their contentions with instances of different legal disputes and their outcomes. It would be helpful at the presentation of the task when characterizing the death penalty, its organization and targets. It would likewise be utilized in the body when giving contentions for and against capital punishment as an approach to dissuade wrongdoing with the proof of outcomes of decisions giving fitting models. This book contends that the impression of death being the harshest discipline would legitimately stop wrongdoing. Crooks carrying out life punishments don't have anything to hinder them from wrongdoing other than the danger of death. Then again, it contends that death penalty leaves the powerless presented to maltreatment from the solid and furthermore brings about social issue, two components which could advance wrongdoing. This book gives a basic premise to placing the death penalty into point of view while building up the presentation. Other than giving foundation data all through the task, it would be basic in the body of the undertaking to contend for and against the death penalty as an obstacle to wrongdoing. This article contends against the death penalty as a hindrance to wrongdoing. It confirms this contention with the perception on the declining number of capital punishments in North Carolina, prompting no capital punishment in 2012. With this decrease, the North Carolina

Blaxicans and Other Reinvented Americans Essay

In â€Å"Blaxicans† and Other Reinvented Americans,† Richard Rodriguez brings up that America has become a spot that is completely populated by foreigners from around the globe. He attests that it is extremely unlikely to dole out race names to residents since everybody can be numerous races. As indicated by Rodriguez, Americans make names (e. g. Hispanic) in a crazy endeavor to order individuals in the most straightforward structure; an arrangement bound to fizzle. Rodriguez proceeds by depicting his concept of â€Å"ethnicity,† which is at last dependent on the manner in which individuals act and the things they esteem. The article portrays the manner by which all races are interwoven inside the nation, and inside the world. The possibility of â€Å"diversity† is additionally referenced in the article while examining the subject of interracial relationships. Rodriguez proceeds to portray the bogus â€Å"Hispanic† classification a lot of this nation has fallen into. At last, Rodriguez clarifies that â€Å"Hispanic† is a term utilized uniquely in America for colonization purposes. Hispanic is a bogus thought in light of the fact that after going to Latin America, one would experience dark Hispanics, white Hispanics, and so forth and that is genuine. By 2003, Hispanics turned into the biggest minority on the planet (whatever that implies). Rodriguez proceeds to share his perspectives on osmosis: â€Å"ASSIMILATION HAPPENS. † Assimilation is the demonstration of individuals of various foundations seeing themselves as a piece of a bigger national family. This article recognizes the immense range of racial prospects inside the world. Rodriguez parts of the bargains saying he, a man of Mexican drop, is Chinese since he appreciates Chinese culture, and that is the manner by which ethnicity ought to be chosen. Jargon * immeasurably: adv: awkwardly (erratically, franticly, confusedly) * mythic: adj: pretend (celebrated, nonexistent, folkloric) * skin: n: covering (epicarp, structure, husk) * previously mentioned: adj: past; precede (point of reference, previous, earlier) * demythologizing: v: rework a subject or content * mulatto: n: an individual of blended white and dark family line Rhetorical Strategies * Anecdote: â€Å"On his meeting appear, Bill Moyers once solicited me how I thought from myself. As an American? Or on the other hand Hispanic? I addressed that I am Chinese, and that is on the grounds that I live in a Chinese city and in light of the fact that I need to be Chinese. † (section 19) * Paradox: â€Å"I come to you as Chinese. Except if you comprehend that I am Chinese, at that point you have not comprehended anything I have said. † (passage 25) * Imagery: â€Å"My eye has taken on that palette, has come to favor lime green and rose reds and all the innovations o this Chinese Mediterranean. † (passage 19).

Essay Topics For IAS: Things To Consider

Essay Topics For IAS: Things To ConsiderThere are several essay topics for IAS exams, and the best way to choose is by first trying out the guidelines and procedure that will apply to your intended subject. Not every teacher or tutor will have a sample topic. It is wise to try some of the available topics for IAS and see how the questions are asked and how the questions are answered.It is always preferable to have your final subject in advance. It would be a waste of time to do the application without a direction from the teacher. The best way to learn the requirements of each subject is to try the various topics and then decide which you feel comfortable with.The most important question that needs to be answered is, what kind of material does one write on? The final subject should be based on your previous work and experiences in a particular field. You can use the contents of your study on the subject and use that as the basis for the essay. You can also review the previous works o f other writers and make a comparison between them.A fresh graduate has to choose an area of knowledge that was not covered in their recent job. A fresher should do research to find the kind of knowledge that needs to be covered in the IAS exams. The most common topics for freshers are the general topics. These subjects will be good for students who have had no choice but to pick up new information as they started working.Students must be aware of the various career paths that they can take in their course of study. Some of these are business, management, law, medicine, engineering, etc. The topics for freshers should also include the skills and abilities that they will need in their chosen careers. They should also take into account the needs of the industry in which they plan to work after graduation.The content on the application is based on interview skills and the ability to present themselves well in front of a panel of well-known people. The content should be based on the inf ormation gathered by the interviewers during the interview. The content of the application will depend on the student's ability to explain the specific assignments to the hiring committee. Fresh graduates must also think of a good title for their application and must know how to answer the different types of question that might be asked in the interview.The questionnaires on these essays must be brief and to the point as this will help students gain a good overview of their specific subject. Fresh graduates will be asked to answer a few basic questions on the initial questionnaire and then must work on the rest of the essay. It is not easy to master essay topics for IAS, especially if one is not fully aware of the process and the level of difficulty required for a particular subject. Students must study well so that they will not get confused by the questions asked in the interview.The essay topics for freshers must be fair and balanced, as they will be comparing the experiences of recent college graduates to those of their professors. It is not a good idea to give any examples from their academic work because this will only make them look less qualified. In the essay questions, they must remember to be simple yet clear so that the reader gets to the core of the matter. Fresh graduates should be aware of the required amount of information and not be repetitive.

I Want For A Junior Division Course Once You Enroll At The...

1. Required: Please describe how you have prepared for your intended major, including your readiness to succeed in your upper-division courses once you enroll at the university. ================== All throughout my life I’ve been a deeply curious person; wondering who we are, as human beings. What motivates us to act? How do we communicate or form society? Why do we do the things we do? ================== Granted, I wouldn’t have articulated my curiosity in this way, for much of my life. But the interest was always there; whether consciously or not. ================== I remember how, in highschool, I had a tendency to get to know the â€Å"outsiders†: the people who were somehow marginalized from the major groups around me. I’d purposely try to understand their character, befriend them and relate to them where others wouldn’t. ================== I remember countless instances with friends—and strangers, alike—where I tried to help them with their problems; where I tried to understand their point of view. ================== I’ve always found some strange sort of pleasure exploring humanity—and helping humanity-- outside of my own social boundaries; beyond my narrow peer group. And I’ve found great knowledge in not only reading books—but reading people; knowledge which leads me to my life’s calling. ================== I’ve been molded through countless personal, professional, and academic experiences--into the person that I am today: a curious person, an eagerShow MoreRelatedCourse1441 Words   |  6 PagesRequired Question: Please Describe how you have prepared for your intended major, including your readiness to succeed in your upper division courses once you enroll at the university . As I made my journey into college, I prepared as much as I can for the MCAT. My educational journey does not end with a bachelors in Molecular Biology, but obtaining a medical degree. Ever since I was a little, I always wanted to be a doctor and with that vision it required a lengthy preparation and a lot of studyingRead MoreThe American education system2584 Words   |  11 Pagescomplete 12 years of primary and secondary education prior to attending university or college.   Although admission policies vary from one university to the next, most determine admission based on several criteria, including a student s high school course of study, high school Grade Point Average (GPA), participation in extracurricular activities, SAT or ACT exam scores, a written essay, and possibly a personal interview. University students pursuing a Bachelor s degree are called undergraduates,Read MoreMichael Jerome Williams s Life1757 Words   |  8 PagesDo you know what if feels like to live in a household with fourteen other people? Do you know how it feels now knowing if you whether or not you will have a roof over your head while you are sleeping the next day? When you live in this type of known environment, it is hard to do make it out become successful in life. All odds were against a man named Michael Jerome Williams growing up in these same situations and circumstances. Michael Oher was a young homeless boy that was adopted and turnedRead More education Essay2358 Words   |  10 Pagesthe school you are immediately confronted by metal detectors, and a blocked off section for crisis intervention. The building offers three security guards, two school police, and two probation officers. The office is very busy, and chaotic. . The lunch that is being prepared in the cafeteria turns my stomach as I walk past. Can you believe I was describing a school? I wonder how children learn in this depressing environment. â€Å"The school is so depressing and old. It makes me not even want to come toRead MoreMartial Arts3231 Words   |  13 PagesNick Souvannalay Mr. Kite Junior research April 2, 2012 Martial Art A Way To A Better Life Most people think that martial arts is all about kicking, punching and screaming really loud. Then those people will usually perform the stereotypically karate pose, the crane stance. But martial arts is not all about kicking, punching, screaming really loud, making unusual sounds or beating people up. Instead martial arts focuses on the well-being of people. Martial arts can be broken up into five veryRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 PagesOhio Wesleyan Writing Center Founded University Promoting1955 as a hallmark of liberal arts education writing Writing Guidelines Statements of Purpose From the OWU Writing Center in the Sagan Academic Resource Center The OWU Writing Center Corns 316 ââ€" ª (740-368-3925) ââ€" ª http://writing.owu.edu ââ€" ª open Monday-Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Ohio Wesleyan University Writing Center  © 2011 Writing Guidelines for Statements of Purpose Contents Writing Your Statement of Purpose ..........Read MoreUNIT 5.3 PEOPLE MANAGEMENT Essay examples4957 Words   |  20 Pagesmanagement structure will respond positively to their organization. Shared Goals When your business has a transparent organizational structure, you have a conduit to share corporate goals and plans with your employees. When you share these goals and align them with your employees personal goals, you can move teams forward in a productive manner. Once your organizations management creates a new budget and business plan for the following year, share the pertinent details with mid-level managementRead MoreSunshine Center: an Instructional Case6566 Words   |  27 Pagesmoney going? I would like to be able to act rather than react. We must keep the place open! S arah, chair of the Sunshine Center Committee, and the Committee’s secretary, Olivia, talked almost daily about the operations of the Sunshine Center. â€Å"At least the children seem happy and well cared for,† Sarah reminded Olivia. â€Å"Yes,† Olivia agreed, â€Å"but if we cannot pay the bills and keep our help, we will not be open long to serve them. Rev. Andrew thinks everything will work out, but I am not soRead MoreSda Manual Essay101191 Words   |  405 PagesEnglish Bible.  © The Delegates of the Oxford University Press and the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press 1961, 1970. Reprinted by permission. Texts credited to NIV are from the Holy Bible, New International Version. Copyright  © 1973, 1978, 1984, International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Bible Publishers. Bible texts credited to RSV are from the Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright  © 1946, 1952, 1971, by the Division of Christian Education of the National CouncilRead MoreEducation in South Africa12740 Words   |  51 PagesEngineering, Arts Culture) and are very similar to the UK specialist schools programme. For university entrance, a Matriculation Endorsement is required, although some universities do set their own additional academic requirements. South Africa has a vibrant higher education sector, with more than a million students enrolled in the country’s universities and universities of technology. All the universities are autonomous, reporting to their own councils rather than government. Pre-colonial education

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Socio Demographic Profile And Nutritional Status Of...

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF HEARING IMPAIRED (DEAF) ADOLESCENTS Abstract Background: Health status of a population is a significant indicator of human development. Like mortality, disability being a potential measure of health status of population has not received much attention in research particularly in the developing countries. Hearing impairment refers to both complete and partial loss of the ability to hear and research in the area of the health and nutritional status of such a population remains largely unexplored in India. Methods: A school for the hearing impaired adolescent boys girls in the age group of 10-19 years was chosen as the site for the study. 101 hearing impaired subjects who were in the age group 10-19 years were enrolled for the study. A pre tested questionnaire was filled by the researcher in coordination with a sign language interpreter to elicit background information and socio-demographic status. For anthropometric measurements their heights and weights were taken with the help of measuri ng tape and bathroom scale respectively. For hemoglobin estimations, 5ml sample of venous blood was obtained from each subject for laboratory analysis. The data was entered in SPSS and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. Results: The subjects who were deaf by birth were 84.2% and the rest were due to accident. Stunting was more in the early adolescents in case of boys (41.6%) but inShow MoreRelatedSocio Demographic Profile And Nutritional Status Of Hearing Impaired1594 Words   |  7 PagesBranch of study : SOCIAL SCIENCE Title : SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF HEARING IMPAIRED (DEAF) ADOLESCENTS Abstract Health status of a population is a significant indicator of human development. Like mortality, disability being a potential measure of health status of population has not received much attention in research particularly in the developing countries. Hearing impairment refers to both complete and partial loss of the ability to hear and researchRead MoreAdvancing Effective Communicationcommunication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care Quality Safety Equity53293 Words   |  214 Pages.................................17 Address patient communication needs during treatment ............................................................................................................19 Monitor changes in the patient’s communication status ..............................................................................................................19 Involve patients and families in the care process ..................................................... ..............................Read MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pages441 441 CASE STUDIES A summary of the case analysis I N T R O D U C T I O N Preparing an effective case analysis: The full story Hearing with the aid of implanted technology: The case of Cochlearâ„ ¢ – an Australian C A S E O N E high-technology leader Delta Faucet: Global entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in theRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesgiant News Corporation – corporate logic and corporate management in a worldwide media business. CRH – impressive international growth of an Irish company driven from a ‘lean’ corporate centre. Numico – difficulties with diversification for a Dutch nutritional products company. AIB – competing in the global banking industry: the challenges for a mid-size bank. SABMiller – an African bre wer takes on the world: learning to thrive in difficult circumstances. MacPac – from a New Zealand start-up to internationalisationRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pageswant to become professional athletes?† The resulting data are shown in the following table: Response Frequency Like sports Easy life Don’t need an education Other 27 24 19 19 Construct a bar chart to display these data. 1.29 ââ€"  The paper â€Å"Proï ¬ le of Sport / Leisure Injuries Treated at Emergency Rooms of Urban Hospitals† (Canadian Journal of Sports Science [1991]: 99–102) classiï ¬ ed noncontact sports injuries by sport, resulting in the following table: Sport Number of Sport Injuries Fame

Expository Writing free essay sample

While growing up I have developing a specific and unique talent, that later will help me to become where I am suppose to be and who I want to be in life. That specific and unique talent that I have develop as a child like most successful artist, is finding a unique way that will help you to get better every day. As an artist it is very important to be looking at the world in a unique way, like the world was a puzzle or code that need to be crack, you are here to find it weaknesses and how it function. When I was seven years old, I seen art as a way to express feeling, emotions and character without being judge by people. It was a way to free your mind lets you thought go wild. As a child growing up in Haiti with much more less art supplies to work with, I became discourage and afraid that I wouldn’t have the chance to express myself in an ingenious way. We will write a custom essay sample on Expository Writing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As day go by I started to have my confident self back and this time with more knowledge on how to better you within yourself. So I find a way to develop my mind everyday and keep it effective, I would draw with pencils and crayons but mostly with pencils, by drawing every day and keeping record on what I drew help me to see how much I grown from the start. At the age of ten years old I was able to draw a clear picture of anybody even though it was not accurate but you could tell that it was that person. My cousin who was a famous artist in my neighborhood encourages me to draw more often. He said I should offer to draw people‘s picture in that way I would get more practice and have a better understanding on what is expected of a artist and also I would be doing a good deed, it is a win, win situation. A couple month later people would ask me if I could draw a picture for them, I did not just draw the picture for them, I believe I made a different in the life of the people around me. The people that knew my work spread the word about me and a person who does not know me, want to know me. Later that year I became popular in my neighborhood along with my cousin.

The Barriers for conducting epidemiological studies on chronic diseases

Epidemiological are studies concerned with the causes of the health occurrences, their patterns and consistency in the wellbeing of the population. This is usually done in a predetermined population under a specified environment. The purpose is to influence public policy decisions through the consideration of; disease spread, risk aspects and preventive measures to be taken. The study is done to improve public welfare (Dyckman, 2006).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Barriers for conducting epidemiological studies on chronic diseases specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are various factors that hinder the development of epidemiological studies in chronic diseases. The level of data protection tendencies in the highly developed countries is a major concern. An example is the UK where legislation is enacted by replacing the law on the confidentiality of the doctor to the patient with the data protection Act 19 98. Unfortunately, this is the idea of the government, while it is necessary for the government to protect citizens from intruders to information it is counterproductive to the well being of the society to enact such a law. This has highly affected the research activities by hindering the access to information (Dyckman, 2006). The next major factor is finances to carry out these studies. In most cases, these studies involve a lot of scientific research which can safely be done in laboratories and other technical facilities. However, these facilities require enormous capital to establish. To most countries, this is a major setback as they cannot afford this kind of facilities. For example, finances required in the development of genetic or atomic engineering laboratories used in studying cancerous growths like brain tumors. This will always undermine research activities in most countries (Hester 2012). The technical expertise required in these studies is sometimes a major factor. In some countries, like the third world countries, there are insufficient doctors to treat patients in hospitals let alone those that can carry out the research. Most of these countries rely on secondary information from previous research activities. Unfortunately for the health profession, some of these diseases are among the highly ranked killer diseases in the world like cancer (Michael, 2004). Next is the problem that involves insufficient man power in some countries. In most of the third world countries, there is insufficient skilled manpower to carry out these studies. This is because of insufficient remuneration to the skilled personnel leading to a brain drain.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Where by skilled and talented individuals migrate to better paying countries like the western countries. This has resulted in a serious shortage of skilled personnel in these countrie s (Michael, 2004). The time is another major constraint in carrying out research. In most cases, research is carried out under a predetermined time frame but the time is rarely enough. The ethics of some of the doctors involved in the research is wanting to a point that the state has to interfere. This has highly affected research activities in some of the countries. For example in England, before the enactment of section 60 0f the Health and social care Act 2001. The professional bodies had to come in and put forward clear policies concerning ethical guidelines in conducting research. This had initially brought conflict between the government and professional bodies due to inconsistent policies advocated by the various professional bodies. The inconsistencies come about in the treatment of confidentiality, informed consent and anonymity of individuals involved in a research study (Michael, 2004). References Dyckman, T. (2006). Research for MBAs and Masters. New York: Penguin Publis hers. Hester, J. T. (2012). Academic medicine campaign, BMJ Group: (pp. 10-30). London: Night tankle. Michael E. P. (2004). Understanding research in the 20th Century. Chicago: The Free Press. This essay on The Barriers for conducting epidemiological studies on chronic diseases was written and submitted by user Ayleen B. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

ACT Scores

Who Uses SAT/ACT Scores SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Your SAT/ACT score isn't a one-trick pony. Wondering why your SAT/ACT scores are important? They’re used for more than just college admissions. Get a list here of who uses SAT/ACT scores, and why. You may be surprised how late into life your SAT/ACT scores can follow you! College Admissions Not surprisingly, your SAT/ACT score is a very big part of the admissions process. In fact, hour for hour, studying for either the SAT/ACT could be the most efficient way to improve your college admissions chances. But why? SAT/ACT scores are so important because while GPA and class difficulty varies from school to school, every student takes either the SAT or ACT. It’s easier for college admissions officers to compare students from different cities or states by using the ACT/SAT, rather than their GPA. After all, a 4.0 could mean very different things at different schools, but a 36 on the ACT looks impressive no matter what. Of course, many colleges use holistic admission processes, meaning they also consider your GPA, class schedule, extracurricular activities, essays, and more when making your admission decision. But out of all of these factors, the SAT/ACT is one of the most, if not the most, important one. This is why the vast majority of colleges require an SAT/ACT score to apply. There are exceptions: schools that have no standardized tests required or flexible standardized testing. Some well-known ones include NYU, Bryn Mawr and many of the other seven sisters colleges, and George Washington University. But for now these are the exception and not the rule! So definitely plan on studying hard for either the SAT or the ACT for the best shot at your dream school. Freshman Year Course Placement Furthermore, some schools use the SAT/ACT for first-year course placement. So beyond just helping you get admitted to college, your SAT/ACT score could affect your first-year class schedule! To take an example, let’s look at the University of Nevada. They use SAT/ACT scores to place students in their first chemistry, math, and English classes. To look at just one subject, for the freshmen English class, placement is as follows, based on Writing section scores: Eng 098: ACT 17/ SAT 430 or below English 100I: ACT 18-20 / SAT 440-500 English 101: ACT 21-29/ SAT 510-670 English 102: ACT 30 + / SAT 680 + So even if you have a high enough score to get into a college, the higher your score, the higher your class placement could be. If you’re curious about a school you want to apply to, and whether or not it uses the ACT/SAT for class placement, look up â€Å"[Name of College/University] First Year Course Placement.† Some colleges have their own placement tests, and still others use AP/IB scores instead. Scholarships Your SAT/ACT score is often an important criterion for scholarship selection. So not only can your ACT/SAT score get you into college, it could help you pay for it! We’ll break this discussion down into private and school-run merit scholarships. Private Scholarships Private scholarships are scholarships funded by organizations, companies, or individuals. Many private scholarships, especially large ones, require an application from interested students. Just like for college admissions, the SAT/ACT is a standard barometer of success for all students – which is why private scholarships often include SAT/ACT score on their applications. Requiring the SAT/ACT on applications allows private scholarships to compare students from different schools. Generally, the higher your SAT/ACT score, the higher your odds of winning the scholarship. This $50,000 max scholarship, for one, requires SAT/ACT scores for the application.The National Merit Scholarship is another scholarship that depends on your SAT score specifically (not the ACT), as well as getting a qualifying PSAT score. (Read more about National Merit here.) Merit Scholarships Many colleges and universities – especially larger state schools – often give scholarships based on merit. These scholarships reward the most accomplished students entering the school, and are used to help convince high-achieving students to attend. These scholarships are often highly dependent on your GPA and SAT/ACT score. In fact, there are often different award amounts that increase along with your SAT/ACT score. See our list of automatic scholarships for SAT/ACT scores to find out more! Talent Searches Some students may find themselves taking the SAT/ACT quite early on. Middle school talent searches (like Duke TIP or Johns Hopkins CTY) require the SAT/ACT as part of the process. These talent searches give gifted students access to special courses, college counseling, and more. Your scores are judged differently for these since you’re taking the SAT/ACT at a younger age. (You can read about the SAT and ACT score requirements for Duke TIP if you're curious.) And in case you’re wondering, colleges don’t need to see scores from very early SAT/ACT dates when you’re applying. If you take the SAT/ACT in middle school, you should probably retake it in high school for a higher score. Job Applications Even once you’ve graduated college, your SAT/ACT score can follow you! Even though both tests were designed for college admissions, some other organizations have found uses for them. In particular, sometimes SAT/ACT scores are used for job applications (particularly at prestigious companies like Bain, McKinsey, and Goldman Sachs) to see if applicants have the â€Å"raw brainpower needed† to succeed. Does this make sense? Maybe not. According to an article in Time, â€Å"SAT scores might not even be that good of a barometer for predicting someone’s job performance. In an interview last year, Google HR exec Laszlo Block told the New York Times, 'Google famously used to ask everyone for a transcript and G.P.A.’s and test scores, but we don’t anymore, unless you’re just a few years out of school. We found that they don’t predict anything.' When the search engine giant crunched the numbers, it couldn’t establish a link.† So why do companies sometimes include SAT/ACT score on their applications? According to a PBS Newshour Report, "'When you’re hiring people and they don’t have a lot of work experience, you have to start with some set of data points,' Eric Eden of Cvent, a Virginia-based software company, told The Wall Street Journal. Eden’s company hasn’t looked into whether their top employees also had the highest scores - but 'knowing it’s a standardized test is really enough for us,' he said.' So even though it might not make the most sense, some companies will look at your high school SAT/ACT scores to get more context about you. Since the SAT and ACT are standardized, the tests allow the companies to easily compare different applicants. Will your SAT/ACT scores stop you from pursuing your dream career? No. The majority of companies don't ask for your SAT/ACT score on your application. But some do, so your SAT/ACT scores could affect your job prospects, especially right out of college. This is just another reason to study hard in high school! How the SAT/ACT Won’t Be Used After reading all this, you may be thinking your ACT/SAT scores will follow you around for the rest of your life. But don't worry! There are some key opportunities, both pre- and post-college, that don't use your SAT/ACT score. Graduate fellowships like the Rhodes, Marshall, and Fulbright scholarships don’t require SAT/ACT scores – for these, your undergraduate transcript is most important. So if you have your eye on getting one of these prestigious scholarships, don’t worry about your SAT/ACT score following you. Graduate Schools don’t take the SAT/ACT either. In fact, each type of grad school has its own test. Prospective medical students have to take the MCAT, law students the LSAT, pharmacy students the PCAT, dental students the DAT, business students the GMAT or GRE, and many other programs require the GRE. (Talk about alphabet soup!) So even if you ace the ACT/SAT in high school, you’ll have to go through the test prep routine once more if you're aiming for graduate school. Finally, some private scholarships (like the Coca Cola scholarship) don’t use SAT/ACT scores. In fact, there are many private scholarships based just on essay competitions or other writing prompts. Many more are also based on your personal circumstances, for example, scholarships for children of military members. You can search for scholarships on College Board's Big Future website if you want to find out more. Bottom Line Your SAT/ACT score doesn’t just matter for college admissions – it can get you scholarships, higher class placements, and even a job post-college! This is all the more reason to study for these tests as hard as you can. That said, don't stress about the SAT/ACT too much. For most students, once they get to college, the tests will stop being important. Even if a job application asks for your SAT/ACT score, they will also be looking at your achievements and work experience from college. So focus on doing the best at whatever it is you're working on now! What’s Next? So you know your SAT/ACT scores matter. But what kind of scores do you need for your dream schools? Find out the SAT score or ACT score you need to be competitive. Should you retake the SAT/ACT? Find out here how likely it is your score will improve. Get more in-depth advice for improving your SAT/ACT score, from the best ACT English practice, vocabulary you need for SAT reading, a guide to lines and angles on SAT math, and the 21 ACT tips you should be using. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

The connecting rod for a typical passenger car engine Essay

The connecting rod for a typical passenger car engine - Essay Example . During the casting or forging stage, the purpose should be to observe closer weight tolerances with improved balance weight.PM is the better choice in the material to be used for connecting rods, as it ensures closer weight tolerances and it is the best as far as the weight reduction objectives are concerned. This results in reduced machining time as well. This also eliminates, in most of the cases the weight balancing operation. While â€Å"squeeze casting† can give the advantages of both, forging and casting processes, below is a table giving the properties and application of various types of Cast Irons. The machining procedure for the manufacture of connecting rods usually is based on the following pattern. †¢ Rough grinding of faces Any grinder or a grinding machine, for removing the excess material acumulated during forging or casting operation, can do this operation. †¢ Machining of piston pin bore. The piston pin bore is taken as the reference hole for the connecting rod. Therefore, the final machining of the piston pin bore is required. Special honing machines can further hone the bore. †¢ Milling and broaching of faces at the end of crank bore This is an important operation, as the crank bore end has to match with the connecting rod end. Specialized milling and broaching machines are used for this purpose.

Family History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Family History - Essay Example I contacted our local church first to look for my Baptism details. There it was. The church had records of my Baptism before 18 years along with my parents name and grandparent’s name. Digging deeper, I found out my parents got married in the same Church where I was baptised, five years before my birth. Their marriage registration details gave me the name and address of my grandparents Jacob Schoff and Linda Schoff. My mother was the daughter of Claude Bourgeois and Michele Bourgeois. With the address I collected from the church I visited Pennsylvania where my father’s grand parents lived long ago. Getting in touch with the area Church, I was able to get the records of my grandfathers Baptism as a child, way back in 1922. I could also get details about their marriage and my great grandfather’s family. My father John Schoff was a business consultant who married my mother Ebenezer Bourgeois. My grandfather Jacob Schoff was a lawyer in New York. His father John Scho ff born in 1880 migrated from Pennsylvania to New York as he was a physician. Jacob Schoff, his father had eight children including 5 sons and 3 daughters. He was born and bought up in the Pennsylvanian plantations and lived as a farmer most part of his life. He took part in the American Civil War too. Two of his descendants still live in the plantation. They have a full record of family history starting from the very first ancestor who came to America from Germany way back in 1702. Jacob Schoff’s father Andreas Schoff who lived during the Californian Gold rush is said to be a writer and adventurer. It is said he stuck luck in the gold rush and bought the plantation in Pennsylvania with that money. The family lived in the plantations for three generations until my great grandfather John Schoff moved to New York. Andreas Schoff’s great grandfather migrated from Germany to England in search of a better future in the 17th century. He came to America in 1709 (Schoff Coat o f Arms and Name History, 2000). He moved to various places and finally settled in Virginia. His grand children fought for the Independence of America during the 1776 war. His descendants are called under various names like Schoff, Schaeffer and Schafer. I was quite proud to know that my family has such a long history and had contributed its share in every major event of this nation from the Independence struggle to the Civil war. Early day journals maintained by our great ancestor Andreas Schoff written in German, states how a handful of German’s were treated indifferently by the dominant French and British colonists. I have heard stories from my grandfather on how he was scrutinized for being a German descendant during the Second World War. My grandfather was not able to go higher in profession because of this discrimination. However, we live in better times now. Thanks to the endless efforts of generations of our family members who strived hard to give us an economically sa fe future in this century. My Mother’s History Exploring my mother’s side of family history, I found she is a mixture of Irish and French nationals who settled in the United States centuries back. Peter Bourgeois my mother’s great ancestor settled in Nova Scotia in 1761. Bourgeois were a class held in high esteem next to the Nobles in France (Bourgeois Family Crest and Name History, 2000). They came here to serve in the French army and settled in the US soil. His family slowly

Sexual Sadism And Sex Offenders Psychology Essay

Sexual Sadism And Sex Offenders Psychology Essay Sexual Sadism is a type of paraphilia that may involve making a person suffer in some way that may or may not lead to death. It varies from extreme forms of torture to mild. It can be with a consensual partner who is a masochist and also the injuring of a non consensual person. Sexual sadists usually have mental disorders such as psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder which can explain their level of violence and their lack of empathy for their victims. Many sex offenders are diagnosed with Paraphilias and sexual disorders. Paraphilias are recurrent intense sexual arousing fantasies or urges involving nonhuman objects, suffering, humiliation of oneself or ones partner, children or non consenting persons (APA, 1994). For some people these fantasies are necessary to achieve erotic arousal whereas for others they are episodic and the individual can be stimulated otherwise. This type of behavior, urges and fantasies can cause significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other areas of functioning. It has to last over a period of at least six months (APA, 1994) .One of the most dangerous paraphilias is sexual sadism, which involves violence that may lead to death in which the offender gets sexual pleasure by inflicting pain on the victim. According to the DSM IV, sexual sadism is the act of humiliating, binding, beating, or making another person suffer in some way were sexual excitement is the result of control over the victim. It typically develops in adolescence with interests coming from masochistic masturbatory practices. Autoerotic asphyxia is a practice that constricts the oxygen during masturbation, accomplished with the use of a strangulation device. The purpose is to create a higher level of sexual excitement through the restriction of oxygen in the brain (Terry, 2006). The restriction of oxygen itself its not whats sexual exciting but its the combination of the behavior, lack of oxygen, danger and the fantasy. Sexual sadists are aroused by the torture and pain of the victim which can lead to death, but there offenders do not derive satisfaction from the murder itself. They are likely to mutilate and torture their victims becoming more aroused as there is an increase in the level of agony. Sexual sadism is usually not consensual and involves injury or death to the victim. The element of fear in the victim and complete control of the victim is the major stimuli in sexual sadism. Such as severe beating, torture, burning, cutting, rape and murder. Sexual offenders who are potentially most likely to meet the criteria of sexual sadism are typically those who sexually assault or who molest children. Some of the characteristics for sexual offenders are usually, schizoid, psychopath, antisocial, narcissist, lack or social skills and relationships. Sadists have been found to exhibit a large number of other paraphilias including transvestic fetishism, masochism, voyeurism, and exhibitionism. Some have alcohol and drug abuse, obsession traits, collects pornography, a history of impaired social relationships, physical and sexual abuse in childhood and extensive fantasy lives incorporating detailed sadistic fantasies (Kirch). Sex offenders who are sadistic usually lack empathy and emotion which might be a reason why they commit the most violence to their victims because they detach themselves. Deficits in empathy facilitate offending behavior, suggesting that offenders lack of awareness or sensitivity to other peoples feelings may impair their ability to appreciate the effects of their behavior on others (Kirsch). Emotions such as anger and shame are believed to fuel aggressive and retributive fantasies, and these fantasies are maintained and enhanced through the process of positive and negative emotional reinforcement. Feelings of inferiority are believed to be reduced during fantasy, while feelings of control, power, and dominance are enhanced. Sexual sadism may begin with fantasies and in some cases these may never be acted upon or be acted out in the more mild forms of consensual relationships. Sadistic fantasies and behaviors can include dominance, humiliation, bondage, biting, burning, whipping, penetration with foreign objects, strangulation, and mutilation of the body (Kirsch) Sadistic sexual fantasies are noted in certain adolescents. In some of these the fantasies serves rehearsal for future sadistic sexual acts, especially in adolescents with callous-unemotional personality who often emerge in adult life as psychopaths(Stone, 2010) . There is a difference in practicing sadism with a consenting partner and non consenting partner. In non-consensual cases, the behavior usually continues and often escalates over time as the perpetrator experiences a need for increased violence in order to stimulate the sexual response. The level of sadism varies from being in control, dominant and submissive in which the offender does this to a masochist person to injuring a non consensual partner. Sexual sadism is found predominately in males and usually onsets with puberty although sadistic behavior may be evident earlier in children. In all male cases, it becomes evident by early adulthood. In cases of female sexual sadism, onset is often later and often triggered by relationships with men who want to be d ominated. Kraft-Ebbing suggested that mastering and possessing an absolutely defenceless human object is part of sadism. He sub- classified sexual sadism into several categories including lust murder where there was a connection between sexual arousal and killing which may extend to cannibalism. These men are thought to rarely derive sexual satisfaction from the assault or murder and this distinguishes them from lust murderers for whom aggression and sexuality become fused into a single psychological experience sadism in which aggression is eroticized (Myers, W.C., Burgess, A.W., Burgess, A.G. and Douglas, J.E., 1999. Serial murder and sexual homicide. In: Van Hasselt, V. and Hersen, M., Editors, 1999. Handbook of psychological approaches with violent offenders, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 153-172.Marshall,2003)Then theres the offender who mutilates the corpses, those who like to injure females, defilement of women, symbolic sadism, ideal sadism or sadistic fantasies alone without acts, sadism with other objects and sadistic acts with animals. MaccCulloch argues that the wish to control that is the primary motivating force in sadism, and because there is a range of degrees and kinds of control which can be applied by one person to another, sadism may manifest itself in a variety of ways. Normal sexual relationships include elements of dominance and submission, and hence control: indeed, modern manuals of sexual behavior often include bondage games as part of a suggested repertoire of sexual activity He defines sadism as the repeated practice of behavior and fantasy which is characterized by a wish to control another person by domination, denigration or inflicting pain, for the purpose of producing mental pleasure and sexual arousal whether or not accompanied by orgasm in the sadist. The range of controlling behavior under consideration forms a continuum from subtle verbal control through various types of psychological control to actual physical intervention such as bondage, imprisonment, hypnosis, anesthesia and even blows to render the victim unconscious or dead. As sadistic behavior gives pleasure to the sadist, and self-pleasuring behavior almost always has to be contrived, it would be expected that sadists devise situations which enable them to practice their sadism. If a central feature of sadism is control, then sadists would be expected to seek out actively and create situations where they have control. The concept that assailants stage-manage their control over others in order to give themselves pleasure provides a new frame of reference (Kuhne, 1962) Among sexual sadists ritualistic behaviors are one of the defining features. Not all the men violate the letter of the law, however much they may violate the spirit of the law. Some seek, and manage to achieve, attachment to willing partners (Stone, 2010). Researchers Janet Warren and Roy Hazelwood interviewed female partners of sexual sadists. Seven of the 20 sexual sadists with whom these women had affiliated had also murdered some of their victims .The relationships with these women were consensual, at least in the early phases; women had histories of having gone through physical abuse from a parent, or nine of the women were victims of incest by a father, brother, or even a female relative. These experiences these women experienced at an early age from their care takers allowed them to somehow expect, tolerate, and in some instances, even desire sadistic treatment at the hands of their sexual partners. The sexual sadists themselves initiated their partners into sadistic practices through a series of stages. In the candy and flowers stage, the man would win a woman with gifts, be a gentle man and be tender towards her, but then progress to a stage in which he expanded her sexual repertoire well beyond, and alien to, her prior experience. This might take such forms as forced anal sex, bondage, urinating on the woman, measured choking with release before unconsciousness occurred, etc. The mans quest for domination and total control might proceed to cutting the woman off from relatives and friends, such that she were now his sexual slave. If she were lucky, the pattern would progress no further. But in some cases, the drama would end in her death. Those sexual sadists who maintained ongoing relationships with a wife or girlfriend might lead a kind of double life, in which they exacted pain and suffering of a controlled sort with their partners, but also had a secret life in which they trolled for other women whom they tortured and murdered. In a number of examp les, the female partners were forced into becoming the inadvertent accomplices of sexually sadistic torture murder of other women. Some of these women, having been compliant in the beginning, desperately wanted out of the relationship toward the end but they were routinely threatened with torture and death themselves if they dared to exercise that option. Robert Anderson is an example of a sexual sadist who abducted Piper Streyle and ended up killing her. Her husband Vance Streyle remembered him coming to their trailer days before his wifes abduction to inquire about enrolling his kids into bible camp for the children. Several witnesses had seen Robert parked around the Streyles trailer in his black truck. When interviewed by the investigators he denied knowing anything about Pipers abduction or her whereabouts. It wasnt until the investigators got a search warrant to search his car and home. When investigators searched his car they found a wooden platform that had holes drilled into it. It was believed that it was made as a restraining device in which a persons ankles and hands could be tied to metal hoops that were strategically inserted into the board. The investigative team also found hairs attached to the wooden platform, which genetically matched pipers. More gruesome physical evidence was discovered around the river, which included several lengths of rope and chains, eyebolts, a vibrator and a half burned candle. It was believed that these items were used to torture Piper. According to investigators Hazelwood and Michaud, there was sufficient proof that Anderson was a sexual sadist who was excited by the physical and psychological suffering and helplessness of his victim. Their opinion was based on four factors one of them being that Anderson displayed an obvious interest in sexual bondage, a hallmark of the sexual sadist, which was represented by the restraints, d ildo, partially burnt candle, eyebolts, handcuff , keys, duct tape and plywood platform. The evidence found by investigators clearly indicated physical torture. It was surmised that after Piper was abducted, Anderson drove her to a wooded area near Baltic. While there he may have bound her to the platform, gagged her with duct tape, sheared her shirt off and then methodically tortured her with the dildo and candle before raping her. It is believed that he then murdered Piper and disposed of her body. Anderson admitted to police and friends that he liked anal sex, a preference his wife did not share. Research conducted by Hazelwood and Michaud found that sexual sadists prefer this form of sex. They believed that the dildo was used by Anderson to act out his fantasy. Conclusion Reference Page Stone ,M.H.(2010). Sexual Sadism: A portrait of Evil. Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis Dynamic Psychiatry, Vol 38, 133-157 Kirsch,L.G, Becker,J.V .(2007). Emotional Deficits in psychopathy and sexual sadism: Implications for violent and sadistic behavior. Clinical psychology review. Vol 27, 904-922 Marshall,W.L, Kennedy,P.(2003).Sexual sadism in sexual offenders: An illusive diagnosis. Agression and violent behavior, Vol 8, 1-22 MacCulloch,M.J et al (1983). Sadistic Fantasy, Sadistic Behavior and Offending. Brit . J. Psychiat, 143, 20-29 Rachel,B .(2003) Robert Anderson: Awakening The Devil.Retrieved May 2,2010 from trutv website: http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/predators/robert_anderson/8.html Terry, K.J. (2006) Sexual Offenses and Offenders: Theory, Practice, and Policy. Pgs 84-91

e-Business and e-Commerce Infrastructure Essay -- Business Finance

E-Commerce E-commerce (electronic commerce) can be defined as commercial transactions of goods and services over the internet and other computer networks (Chaudhury & Kuilboer, 2002). It consists of online shopping, online banking and e-learning (Tkacz & Kapczynski, 2009). E-commerce is becoming increasingly popular since the spread of the internet. The e-commerce users are businesses, consumers and government departments (Kessler, 2009). E-commerce is controversial but the advantages of it greatly outweigh the disadvantages. To begin with, e-commerce offers consumers speed and convenience. E-shopping involves a web site that sells goods and/or services without the direct, face to face, contact between the vendor and the customer. This process is easy and only takes a few clicks before the client/customer has bought themself something. Compared to the traditional way of shopping, online shopping is far more convenient. The traditional way of shopping involves driving the car to shopping centers and if the desired item is not there, then driving to further shops. After getting to the desired destination, the customer has to â€Å"fight† for parking space, walk from store to store and aisle to aisle looking for the items desired. After that process, there is a chance the queue for the checkouts are long. Then there is the issue of carrying out the merchandise. This whole shopping process can take hours (Kessler, 2009)! Many people avoid all this hassle nowadays by shopping online in the comfort of th eir own home. According to a study (Entrepreneur, 2003) 72% of online shoppers chose convenience over privacy. In addition, consumers can shop without time limitation with 24 hour access at because the World Wid... ...le PDFCite ArticleFavorite GlobalSchoolnet.org. (1999-2011). http://www.globalschoolnet.org/index.cfm. Handfield, R. (2011). What is Supply Chain Management? The Supply Chain Resource Cooperative http://scm.ncsu.edu/scm-articles/article/what-is-supply-chain-management. Retrieved May 6, 2012 Kessler, M. (2003). â€Å"More shoppers proceed to checkout online.† USA Today. Retrieved May 6, 2012. Malawer, S. S. (2001). Global Governance of E-commerce and Internet Trade: Recent Developments. In World Trade Law. http://www.worldtradelaw.net/articles/malawerecommerce.pdf. Retrieved May 6, 2012. The Daily. September 27, 2010. â€Å"Ecommerce: Shopping on the Internethttp://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily- quotidien/100927/dq100927a-eng.htm. Retrieved May 6, 2012. Tkacz, E. & Kapczynski, A. (2009). Internet - Technical Development and Applications. Boston: MA Springer.

Professionalism in the Army

A soldier is measured by his ability to do his job successfully, tactfully, and professionally. Being a professional at everything you do will help you succeed in every aspect of your life. The definition of professionalism as by Merriam-Webster is the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or professional person. Being in the Ranger Regiment we are considered professionals. How we train, perform, and even hold ourselves to the Army Values and Ranger Creed make us the elite fighting force we are.In this essay I will talk about what professionalism is, what professionalism means to me as well as what it means to this unit, 75th Ranger Regiment. In any profession there are many attributes accompanied with professionalism. In the 75th Ranger Regiment, like all professional jobs, in order to be successful experience, communication, and moral ethics will make any individual succeed. Experience can help save time and effort. Learning from ones past mistakes and accomplishments can be very valuable in any work place.Being able to effectively communicate is key. As an intelligence professional knowing what to say and how to get into peoples minds can prove to help a great deal on the battle field. Ethics is knowing the difference between right and wrong from good from bad, this is what being a professional is. Every single person’s morals and values of life are different. To me professionalism means to lead by example, to try your best and give it your all no matter who is watching.As well as to put in the time and effort, to act on your best behavior and to get any task presented done giving one hundred percent. These are all traits of what professionalism means to me. No matter if your a private or a commander being a professional within this unit is the standard we all should live by. What Professionalism means to the 75th Ranger Regiment is simple. If you follow and uphold the Ranger Creed you will always be successful within this unit.Giving one hundred percent even when no one is watching. Being the best at ones job giving one hundred percent, these are all traits of a professional within this organization, and what the Ranger Creed stands by. In conclusion, being a profession will help you succeed in life. Leading by example, or giving it your all when no one is watching. This is what I believe professionalism means to me as well as this unit. These are the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or professional person.

Society in A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare uses his word craft and characters as outlets addressing social issues, race, class, and or gender. Through his plays, he emulates the real world and is able to manipulate his worlds to allow his audience to see everything from all sides. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream and discussed in â€Å"Jack shall have Jill;/Nought shall go ill† by Shirley Nelson Garner, in order for the world of men and patriarchal society and hierarchies to be secure and be well, the homoerotic relationships and relationships between women have to be subdued. Although A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a comedy, we can observe through important scenes what Shakespeare may imply when it comes to social issues, race, class, and or gender; in this case is the overpowering of women by men. Merchant in Venice is another play in which Shakespeare uses his characters to approach social issues of his time. 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Colorado Colleges SAT Score Comparison for Admission

The Ordinary Cdbs Is Relation Database System - 1565 Words

This paper describes the ordinary CDBS is Relation Database System (RDBS), which has the great system for transactions processing and locking. Locking mechanism in DDBS is similar to that in RDBS, but it is more complex because of data distribution and transaction concurrence in distributed database system. state that the Lock table and Two-stage Locking convention (2PL) are utilized as a part of Relation Database Management System (RDBMS) with multi-granularity convention for accessing operation of lock scheduler. The lock table correspondence describes each element that s locked in the lock table.There are 3 locking models for RDBMS namely DB2,Oracle,Sql server 2005. Row-level shared locks allow multiple users to read data, but do not allow any users to change that data.Table-level shared locks allow multiple users to perform read and write operations on the table, but do not allow any users to perform DDL operations.Multiple users can hold shared locks simultaneously. An exclusiv e lock allows only one user/connection to update a particular piece of data (insert, update, and delete). When one user has an exclusive lock on a row or table, no other lock of any type may be placed on it. Each Xact must obtain a S (shared) lock on object before reading, and an X (exclusive) lock on object before writing. A transaction can release its locks once it has performed its desired operation (R or W). A transaction cannot request additional locks once it releases any locks. All locksShow MoreRelatedProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pageson acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of t he 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permissionRead MoreDeterminants of International Trade Essay22457 Words   |  90 Pagesthis field was originally very poor but since the second half of the 1970s several theoretical developments have appeared in support of the gravity model (Anderson, 1979; Bergstrand, 1985 and 1989; Helpman and Krugman, 1996; Deardorff, 1995). In relation to why does gravity work, Harrigan (2001) discriminates between aggregated and disaggregated studies. This author states that “most of the evidence that gravity works comes from aggregated data (Â…) it is surprising how little work has been done

Social Media Marketing & Improved Consumer-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Importance of Social Media in Conducting Business. Answer: Introduction: The importance of social media in conducting business in a highly competitive world can never be overstated. While on the one hand, the efficient use of social media sites such as Facebook and Instagram help the emerging companies gain recognition amongst the consumers, it also assists already recognized companies increase their traffic to their official websites. Since the inception of social media sites, these sites have been utilized by the business organizations to build relation with the consumers and keep them updated about the new products and services. However, presently, the advent of professional sites like LinkedIn has also simplified the job of the Human Resource Managers of an organization, helping them attract talented workforce without spending huge amount of money or long hours tryng to get in touch with the deserving employees. There can be no gain stating the obvious fact that social media marketing is no longer an optional matter, but an integral marketing strategy. It is indeed an essential way to reach out to the customers, gain valuable insights about their attitude towards the brand, and build the brand reputation (Aral et al. 2013). However, despite the potential advantages of social media marketing, there are certain intricacies of social media marketing which can prove to be hard and challenging to manage. For example, lack of security on the information shared on these sites, difficulty in controlling negative feedback of clients, and time-intensive marketing procedure requires much supervision over the social media activities. Hence, there are both advantages as well as serious disadvantages behind the use of social media. Discussion: Social Media Marketing and Improved Consumer Loyalty: One of the principal marketing strategies each organization wishes to incorporate in its business plan is to attract potential clients as well as to retain the existent customers. However, most of the companies in todays world encounter cut-throat competition and find it hard to retain its clients. Herein lays the importance of social media marketing. According to the survey report by Sensis, 90% of the Australians belonging to the age group of 18to 39 years have daily access to the social media sites out of which 95% of them use Facebook on a daily basis (Ngai et al. 2015). Similarly, research reports also suggest that in Australia, there are approximately 5,000,000 active users of Instagram while as many as 14,800,000 people daily watches videos on YouTube. Figure 1: Use of Social Media in Australia, 2017 Source: (Rodriguez et al. 2015) It becomes clearly evident that large number of people uses social media and thus advertising a product on these sites will help in attracting attention of the consumer towards a new brand or a new offer of an old brand. The use of interesting, emotional and catchy stories in the form of videos on YouTube can also help the customers become aware of a brand, even though the consumers themselves may not realize that a brand name was endorsed in the process of playing the video. Often many companies share pictures of their new products, offer discounts by engaging consumers who are their followers on these sites and respond to the consumer grievances and queries via social media sites like Facebook Messenger, Twitter, etc. This form of continuous interaction with the client helps in building relation with the consumers. Gain Insights into Customer Needs: In order to make better business decisions as well as to ensure longer sustainability, business organizations need to understand the changing needs of the consumers. Each new day, there are approximately 500 million tweets, 4.5 billion likes on Facebook as well as 95 million photos posted on Instagram, and a company can easily understand its position in the competitive market, by analyzing the number of likes and shares its posts and pictures receive each new day (Agnihotri et al. 2016). Further, it should be noted that most of the earlier studies have focused on the benefits of social media tools and have overlooked the significant use of social media analytic tool like Hootsuite Insights, that help in gauging customer response to these social sites, as well as critically analyze the interaction of the consumers about the specific brand over the social media sites (Holt 2016). With the help of prominent graphic visualizations, this analytical tool helps in informing the company abou t the changing behavior of the customers. Social Media Aids in Targeting Relevant Audience: While targeting relevant audience is a matter of primary importance, creating customized clients and sharing advertisements exclusively with them is important. The use of popular hash tags on Instagram and Twitter can always attract the relevant audience, for example, #glasses can help in attracting sunglass consumers. Since the Facebook newsfeed becomes overcrowded with multiple adverts, organizations seeking immediate consumer attention can also employ the use of Google+ and Sprout that enable demographic or interest-based audience targeting, which in turn enhances the visibility of the adverts (Scott 2015). Use of Blogs in Marketing a Product and Enhancing the Brand Image: While discussing about social media marketing, it should be noted that most of the organizations focus on the well-known and most popular social media sites like Facebook and Twitter. However, many companies fail to develop consumer awareness simply because they ignore blogs and review sites which also help in enhancing their visibility. This is the reason why companies, especially the small and emerging ones, which are present on Yelp and Pinterest, are able to network and promote their business much more effectively (Tuten and Solomon 2014). Besides, many companies use online blogs to attract strangers, turn them into regular visitors and ultimately sell them products. Figure 2: Diagram Showing how Blogs Work Source: (Fuchs 2017) As evident from the above diagram, engaging bloggers to write blogs for a company help in enhancing the traffic coming to the company website, ultimately helping to convert the traffic into leads. Social Media as a Recruitment Weapon: Although it is less acknowledged a fact, social media does assist an organization attract talented workforce as well. According to research reports, 61% of the employees use social media sites to research about a company, and hence the presence of an organization on social sites helps in creating the employer brand (Treem et al. 2013). Hence, having an established social media presence is highly important. Besides, needless to state that many potential employers connect with the suitable and deserving employees via professional social media sites like LinkedIn. Cost-efficient Marketing Tactic: Endorsing a product or developing the brand image via social sites was never so cheaper with traditional media such as newspapers or television and radio adverts. According to research reports, social media sites like Facebook and Google are not only going to overtake a major part of the TV audience, but also enables business organizations to endorse their products absolutely at free of cost. Unlike any other media, social media allows an organization reach out to a huge number of people at once with no cost other than installation of social media sites. Social Media is Time Intensive: Although the social media sites have been considered to be efficient tools for marketing, the use of social media marketing takes a lot of time. In fact, the idea of social media site is based on two-way communication process (Okazak and Taylor 2013). Hence, a marketing manager will have to actively monitor the interaction over the sites, respond to each individual comment, as well as handle customer queries about product information, price details, and others with much time and patience. Social Media as a Cost-Intensive Medium is a Myth: Social media marketing can also get very expensive. First of all, since social media marketing requires constant engagement with client, it is important to hire at least a couple of marketing managers who will be entrusted with the duty of sharing posts or responding to consumer queries. Although content marketing helps a company to increase traffic to its website, each new day at least 500 new websites are being created writing blogs and articles and promoting various products. In order to stay in the competition, companies have to spend huge amount of money for paid advertisements, and as per the recent IZEA survey, 61% of the marketers pay a higher amount to an external marketer for promoting their products (Hays et al. 2013). Opening up an account on these sites is easier, but without paid advertisements, attracting new consumers is almost impossible. Social Media Sites Often Lead to Negative Reputation: Consumer dissatisfaction is not a new issue, and in fact a earlier times also, consumers used to complaint about the product or service they did not like. However, the problem arises when these unhappy customers get an opportunity of giving a company one star rating, poor review openly on the social media sites (Rokka et al. 2014). This negative feedback can instantly malign the reputation of a company and dissuade its potential customers to stay loyal to the company. In fact, the negative feedback, information leaks or hacking remain some of the most potential drawbacks of social media marketing. Social Media and Hacking Issues: The social media sites can also prove to be intrusive to the privacy of many companies. A variety of malware, spyware, adware and ransom ware can lead to hacking issues. In case the official account of a company is hacked, it can lead to the offensive customer reactions and failed marketing efforts (Georgescu and Popescul 2015). Identification of Literature Gap: Although most of the literary articles and business journals reviewed, state the importance of the social networking sites in enhancing brand reputation and increasing sales, the number of research articles discussing the limitations and drawbacks is very limited. Further, most of the literary articles have primarily focused on the most well-known social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. However, some of the less known social media sites find no mention here. Conclusion: To sum it up, it becomes clearly evident that the social networking sites are of much use to help a company in its marketing efforts. It is a well-known fact that the social media is critical to the marketing and customer service success of any organization operating in any part of the world. Reduction in the price of marketing and promotion, easy access to a larger customer base, opportunity for direct customer interaction and customer feedback, as well as improved ranking on search engine websites definitely boost the sales and brand reputation of a company. However, social media tools used for business must be managed well in order to ensure marketing success as there are potential drawbacks as well. Reference List: Agnihotri, R., Dingus, R., Hu, M.Y. and Krush, M.T., 2016. Social media: Influencing customer satisfaction in B2B sales.Industrial Marketing Management,53, pp.172-180. Aral, S., Dellarocas, C. and Godes, D., 2013. Introduction to the special issuesocial media and business transformation: a framework for research.Information Systems Research,24(1), pp.3-13. Fuchs, C., 2017.Social media: A critical introduction. Sage. Georgescu, M. and Popescul, D., 2015. Social Mediathe new paradigm of collaboration and communication for business environment.Procedia Economics and Finance,20, pp.277-282. Hays, S., Page, S.J. and Buhalis, D., 2013. Social media as a destination marketing tool: its use by national tourism organisations.Current issues in Tourism,16(3), pp.211-239. Holt, D., 2016. Branding in the age of social media.Harvard business review,94(3), pp.40-50. Ngai, E.W., Tao, S.S. and Moon, K.K., 2015. Social media research: Theories, constructs, and conceptual frameworks.International Journal of Information Management,35(1), pp.33-44. Okazaki, S. and Taylor, C.R., 2013. Social media and international advertising: theoretical challenges and future directions.International marketing review,30(1), pp.56-71. Rodriguez, M., Peterson, R.M. and Ajjan, H., 2015. CRM/social media technology: impact on customer orientation process and organizational sales performance. InIdeas in Marketing: Finding the New and Polishing the Old(pp. 636-638). Springer, Cham. Rokka, J., Karlsson, K. and Tienari, J., 2014. Balancing acts: Managing employees and reputation in social media.Journal of Marketing Management,30(7-8), pp.802-827. Scott, D.M., 2015.The new rules of marketing and PR: How to use social media, online video, mobile applications, blogs, news releases, and viral marketing to reach buyers directly. John Wiley Sons. Treem, J.W. and Leonardi, P.M., 2013. Social media use in organizations: Exploring the affordances of visibility, editability, persistence, and association.Annals of the International Communication Association,36(1), pp.143-189. Tuten, T.L. and Solomon, M.R., 2014.Social media marketing. Sage.

Swisher Motor Case Analysis Essay Example

Swisher Motor Case Analysis Paper Wayne Swisher, President and Chief Executive Office of Swisher Mower and Machine Company (SMC), was weighing the proposal of a private branding arrangement for SMC’s line of riding mowers. He thought the inquiry presented an opportunity but details should be studied more closely. Situation Analysis: Company Background: Established in 1945 by Max Swisher, SMC grew steadily with unit volume for SMC riding mowers peaking at 10,000 units with sales of $2 million in 1966. In the 1990s, the unit volume remained constant with around 4,250 riding mowers per year. Compared with 1,263,000 unit sales in riding mowers and tractors industry, SMC only occupied around 0. 3% market share. Max Swisher, the current CEO, thought maintaining a small company image had also been an important aspect of his business philosophy, which led to the good personal relationships with dealers and customers alike. SMC produced limited but differentiated products. SMC’s flagship product, the Ride King, was credited with the first zero-turning-radius riding mower. SMC also produced a trail-mower called T-44 with a cutting width of 44 inches. Kits, the self-propelled push mower, accounted for 8. 2% of SMC’s total sales, though it did not provide a material contribution to the company’s gross profits. The replacement parts for mowers posed a good business for SMC, accounting for 20% of the total sales. The following table showed the detailed comparison of the percentage in total sales and total gross profits across different modes of mower together with replacement parts. 1995 dataRide KingT-44KitsReplacement Modes of MowerRiding MowerTrail-mowerPush mower/ % of total Sales63. 60%8. 20%8. 0%20% % of Gross Profits57. 80%13. 20%029% SMC planned to broaden SMC product line in 1996 by introducing a high-wheel string trimmer product, Trim-Max, a high-wheel, walk-behind product. With manufacturing plant in Warrensburg, Missouri, SMC owned an annual capacity of 10,000 riding mower units on a single 40-hour-per-week shift with distribution mainly in non-metropolitan areas. About 75% of sales of SMC were made in non-m etropolitan areas. SMC sold 30% through wholesalers, 25% through direct-to-dealer, 40% as private-label, and the rest 5% as exports. We will write a custom essay sample on Swisher Motor Case Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Swisher Motor Case Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Swisher Motor Case Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It sold the Ride King through wholesalers, who located throughout the country, focusing on farm dealers situated in the south central and southeastern US. SMC remained a profitable company since its founding with a net profit return on sales of 10 percent or more annually. The sound financial position minimized the need for any major short-term or long-term financing. Industry Backgrounds: Riding lawn mowers are classified as lawn and garden equipment with two basic configurations, the front-engine lawn tractors and rear engine riding mowers. However there are some mid-engine riding mowers on the market, such as those produced by SMC. Front-engine lawn tractors are the most popular design followed by rear-engine and mid-engine models. Rear engined lawn tractors are perceived as stronger and more durable. Competition in riding lawn mower market was fierce with ten manufacturers comprising major competitors in 1995, while SMC only occupied around 0. 3%, based on sales units. All these companies made Riding mowers under a nationally branded name and at the same time were engaged in private-label production. It was estimated that private-label mowers account for 65 to 75 percent of total industry sales. Each riding mower manufacturer priced its products at price points. The representative retail prices for national and private-label riding mowers typically ranged from $800 to $5,000. The manufacturer’s price of Ride King of SMC, $ 650, was quite comparative, compared with industry average. Sales trends of riding mowers were cyclical and highly seasonal. With slice decline of sales in 1991, projections for 1995 and 1996 point toward further increases in unit volume. Industry statistics show that over half of manufacturer shipments of these products occur in the four-month period from January to April. A SWOT Analysis on current situation of SMC: InternalStrengthsWeaknesses Producto Distinct products o High quality, simple design, ease-to-use and maintain, no significant claim o Interchangeable parts o Competitive priceo Limited range of products o Perception on rear and mid engine not as strong and durable as front-engine Managemento Customer-oriented Personal relationship with dealer, distributors and end-customers o CEO expertise in marketing, VP of Sales for 6 yearso One man makes all the decision o Small business mentality Marketingo Co-op advertising with its dealers o Good relationship with dealers and end-customerso Previously neglected consumer advertising o Insufficient attention for promotion and advertising campaign o No national distribution network RDo One new product on the way (Trim Max)o Not so aggressive Financeo Consistent net profit of approx. 10 percent o Adequate cash flow to finance operation o Minimize the need for short-term or long-term financingo Poor cost management o Possible liabilities – self-insurance of products External OpportunitiesThreats Market expansiono Limited market coverage (south central, southeastern). Potential expansion to the west o New target market include consumer housing, in addition to farms o Private labels business may be growingo Many big competitors like Honda, John Deere, American Yard Production etc with stronger financial resources and economic size of capacity Industry Outlooko Growing industrieso Cyclical industry o After next year, industry may be down Technologyo Possibility for automation by technology development in long term (production streamline, cost reduction)o Imitation is allowed as patent expired Problem Statement How to grow the business since sales plateau existed for almost 20 years despite continuous profits? This is what Wayne Swisher had been concerned for several years. In early 1996, Wayne Swisher received a certified letter from a major national retail merchandise chain, inquiring about a private branding arrangement for SMC’s line of riding mowers. Wayne had to decide whether or not to accept the proposal as well as the next step to grow SMC. The Private-label Proposal Contract: A 2-year contract which could be automatically extended on a year-to-year basis, with price and other terms negotiable then. Also can be terminated by any party with a 6-month notice. ? Product: Minor changes based on Ride King ? Order: An annual order of approximately 8,200 units, a sample order of 700 standard riding mower units to be delivered in Jan1997. ? Price: FOB; 5% discount on SMC’s manufacturer’s list price for its standard model; Reorders will be at the same price Marketing: SMC did not need to make any promotion effort to either the chain or the consumers. In addition, the private label relationship with the chain should be held confidential. ? Negotiable Inventory holding payment term: The chain would carry inventories in its regional warehouse. However, only until the mowers were shipped to a company store, or only when they had been in a regional warehouse for 2 months, would title be transferred and would the 45 da ys’ payment term start to take effect. Warranty: SMC’s standard warranty would be required for all mower parts. SMC was expected to bear any labor costs resulting from warranty work at $22 per hour. Replacement parts would be sold to the chain at present price point and shipped FOB factory. Proposal evaluation To facilitate our analysis with limited information, the following reasonable assumptions are taken: a) Unit sales without cannibalization, selling prices and costs (except the additional costs mentioned in the case) of Ride King would remain the level of 1995. b) Ignore the impact of decreasing unit fixed cost with expanded production volume. ) Recognize sales in late 1996, though the sample order of 700 was to be shipped and sales were to be recognized in 1997 d) Assume consistent cannibalization rate among two-year contract period (=300 cannibalized annually/8,200 annually) e) Average the one-time costs of $10000~12000, i. e. $11,000, and the costs are expense d when accepting the proposal. f) Assume SMC could well arrange production and avoid excess OT work for PL/Ride King over the minimum of 2100 units/year. g) Assume the new mowers under proposal (â€Å"PL†) occupied the same capacity as Ride King did. ) Assume after negotiation, title can be transferred upon shipment from SMC. Sales Analysis (Table A) Total Ride King Sales, both the original and those from Private Label proposal (â€Å"PL†), would be 4,874, 12,100 and 12,100 units for year 1996~1998 respectively, with net increase of 674, 7,900 and 7,900 after cannibalization. Financial Analysis ? Additional income per unit (Table B) * As stated in Assumption b), united fixed cost is overstated. Hence, gross profit of the proposal would be slightly higher. Hence, the proposal would bring an additional per unit income of $42. 5 (gross profit of 6. 5%) if within the 10,000 capacity with a single 40-hour-per-week shift and an additional income of $16. 25 (i. e. GP of 2. 5% ) if over capacity with overtime work. ? Capacity Analysis (Table C) Assume SMC could manage to arrange a smooth production without significant fluctuation to counter the seasonal delivery. Hence, production volume could be consistent with sales volume as shown in Table A. Hence, in 1996, as total production volume still under capacity, no overtime work for PL needed. While for both 1997 and 1998, 2,100 units of PL would be produced with overtime work. Incremental Income (Table D) Based on the assumption and calculation above, total incremental income can be derived as follows. The proposal would generate an extra net profit before tax for SMC of $11,098, $88,850 and $88,850 in year 1996, 1997 and 1998 respectively. On the base of year 1995, the sharp increase in sales by 178% would bring in a 21% increase in net profit before tax. Table D Ride King199619971998 Cannibalization loss Gross Profit per unit97. 5097. 5097. 50 Cannibalized volume-26-300-300 Cannibalization lost-2,535-29,2 50-29,250 Additional Income from PL Within capacity Volume7006,1006,100 Gross Profit per unit (see Table B)42. 2542. 2542. 25 Additional Income29,575257,725257,725 Over capacity Volume02,1002,100 Gross Profit per unit (see Table B)16. 2516. 2516. 25 Additional Income034,12534,125 Total Additional Income29,575291,850291,850 Incremental Income27,040262,600262,600 Additional Cost One-time cost-$11,000$0$0 **Additional Financial expenses For additional AR (ignore that of sample)$0-$57,929-$57,929 For additional Inventory (Average inventory of 2100units. )$0-$116,091-$116,091 Additional net profit before tax$16,040$88,580$88,580 1995199619971998 Additional net profit before tax $11,098$88,580$88,580 Net Profit$430,200$446,240$518,780$518,780 % increase in net profit 3. 73%20. 59%20. 59% Sales -Ride King $2,713,354$2,535,000$2,535,000 -PL $432,250$5,063,500$5,063,500 Sales$2,730,000$3,145,350$7,598,500$7,598,500 % increase in sales 15. 21%178. 33%178. 33% For detailed information on Additional Financial Expenses, please see the Table F as follows: (To simply analysis of AR financing cost, we ignore cannibalization of the sample order, and use the same selling price and payment term of PLs for the small quantity of cannibalized Ride King. Also, we ignore the inventory financing cost for 1996. ) ** Additional Financial Expenses 199619971998 Cost to finance additional AR Cannibalized Ride King-26-300-300 PL7008,2008,200 Net Additional Unit Sales 6747,9007,900 Net increase in Sales (@617. 5)$416,195$4,878,250$4,878,250 Impact on AR (45 days /360)$52,024$609,781$609,781 Cost to finance additional AR (@ 9. 5%)$4,942$57,929$57,929 Cost to finance additional Inventory Additional average inventory (assume nil for sample order)02,1002,100 Average unit cost [=((6100*(650-42. 25)+2100*(650-33. 5))/8200]$0$582$582 Average inventory cost$0$1,222,008$1,222,008 Cost to finance additional Inventory (@ 9. 5%)$0$116,091$116,091 ? Sensitivity Analysis: In order to gauge the risks associated with the terms and conditions of the proposal, SMC tried to analyze the sensitivity of the sales and profits to the changes of terms and conditions in payment terms, inventory costs, interest rates and cannibalization volume. To illustrate the point clearer, the breakeven point of each terms and condition is calculated with other situation held constant. SensitivityNo Additional Profit Payment terms -65% 114 days Extra holding inventory-131%3,700units Interest rate-196% 14. 3% Cannibalization volume -22%1,690units Because all these conditions above are unlikely to happen, SMC can be rather confident that the proposal is quite favorable in making profits. Evaluation of the proposal Just like a coin has two sides, the proposal also has pros and cons. SMC can benefit from the private label proposal from six aspects. SMC can enjoy the increase in sales and profits after accepting the proposal. The details can be seen in the following table: 19951996 Increase*1997Increase*1998Increase* Sales2,730,0003,145,60415. 22%7,598,500178. 33%7,598,500178. 33% Net Profits430,200446,2403. 73%518,78020. 59%518,78020. 59% * % increase versus those in 1995 If SMC accepted the proposal, its sales could rocket up almost 178% in 1997, compared to sales in 1995. It profits could be increased by 21% in 1997, compared to those in 1995. The proposal posed a good opportunity to SMC to increase sales and profits. †¢SMC could also benefit from stable demands for its products in the next two years. The private proposal would offer stable orders to SMC. †¢SMC could fully utilize its currently idle production capacity. Without acceptance of this private label proposal, the idle manufacturing capacity is 5,800 units per annum, more than 50% of total capacity. The high opportunity cost incurred could not be neglected. †¢Furthermore, SMC could utilize this opportunity to make entry into the most important retail distribution channel: national retail merchandise chains, which currently accounts for 24% of the national market. †¢Moreover, this proposal could provide an extra benefit of free test market! In fact, SMC remains a regional manufacturer of riding mowers for almost half a century. Its sales had plateaued for a decade while industry as a whole embraced record increase in recent years. SMC could take this precious chance to survey customer reaction across US to its unique mid-engine products with the help of the mass merchandise distributor’s strength of marketing without even using any of SMC’s scarce valuable marketing resources. †¢Additionally, this new challenge would be a best learning opportunity for SMC when it operates on a scale twice the size of current operation. SMC could learn how to cope with the production within or even exceeding full capacity. For example, stretched manufacturing would lead to unprecedented pressure for purchasing department, warehouse management, logistics, etc. On the other hand, SMC should look at the other side of coin and analyze the cons of the private label proposal as well. †¢Upon adopting the proposal, SMC would contribute more than 50% of its capacity for Ride King to one single private label mower production. Furthermore the improvement of SMC’s own brand could be limited by the remaining 42% production capacity. Limited capacity could hamper the introduction of new product, say missing the good timing, or could lead SMC to miss the good chance to grow current brand, say if demand for current brand increased. Other than capacity, the proposal also put pressure on SMC’s other resources, such as financial budget, labor, general management, etc. Private label production would consume a certain part of the limited and valuable corporate resources. †¢Moreover, accepting proposal to manufacture private brand and distribute the private brand through other channels might lead to potential conflict with its traditional distributors. Although the chain’s outlets were located in metropolitan areas, there would be some overlap in trade areas with SMC’s current dealers. SMC, a small concern, relies heavily on its regional dealers to promote its products to consumers. Such a bold move might lead to certain percentage of independent dealers to drop the SMC line. †¢The less profitable Private Label could cannibalize 300 units of the sales of more profitable Ride King annually in 1997 and 1998. What is more, the cannibalization rate could be higher than estimated 300 units a year. †¢ Additionally, SMC had to bear the risks ssociated with the private label plan. Accepting the proposal is confronted with two uncertainties. One is that the mower producer had committed two third of its current capacity to one single distributor. Once there was no renewal of the contract, it would be difficult to develop another comparable buyer. The other is that the contract would be terminated midway, i. e. one par ty is entitled to break the deal with a six-month notice beforehand at any time. Furthermore, although the total sales and output would expand almost twice, the increase in profits will not keep the same pace with the increase of the sales. Finally, SMC should consider other potential costs. For example, sudden expanded production might lead to quality insurance challenges. The product liability claims might eat up the minute increase in profit from the contract. Plus, the warranty costs would $22 per labor hour. Alternatives: ? Alternative 1: Accept the proposal and, in the long run, develop own brand based on the experiences of private label production: SMC should incorporate the consideration of the following elements when accepting the offer. Firstly, during negotiation with the mass distributor, SMC should try its best to make the contract terms more favorable. Albeit its bargaining power is somewhat limited, as a reliable provider of a highly differentiated mower product, SMC had some say on the some part of the contract. To negotiate to transfer title upon shipment by SMC would be very reasonable and fair. Holding inventory of an average of 2,100 units in the chain’s regional warehouse under SMC’s title would be very unfavorable to SMC, given PL’s high average monthly inventory financing cost of ~$4. 61 per unit per month and even higher AR financing cost of ~$4. 9 per unit. Although SMC would not hold a big chance for this as in title transfer, still Wayne could try as 15-day could save SMC an AR financing cost of ~$19,310 a year. †¢ Secondly, in order to enhance its own brand and strengthen its own brand product, SMC should make this deal only as a short run option. Production of private label can only be regarded as a temporary way to improve SMC’s sales and profits, and is not a reliable one in the long run. To develop its core competency, SMC has to emphasize on improving its own brand image and establishing its own national distribution channel. Further actions should be taken if SMC decides to accept the proposal: Aimprove its current product mix. In its four core products, Kits makes up to 8. 2% of its annual sales yet offer zero profits. With the coordination among its relevant functional area within the firm, SMC could gradually drop the whole product line of Kits if it could not improve its profitability. BHire more temporary labor to avoid excessive overtime work Since the firm scaled up its production, it should hire temporary labor with adequate training to ensure the on-time delivery and quality control. Excessive overworking for a long period might causes the decrease in both workers’ productivity and production quality. Of course, SMC should reach a good trade-off between the costs to hire extra hands and the improvement in productivity and quality. C Establish nationwide distribution network Unsatisfied being a regional riding mower provider, SMC should take the chance of free market test provided by the private label proposal to help establish its own national distribution network. Western part of United Sates poses great new chance for SMC. DDiversification of product lines It is important for SMC to build more consumers-oriented mower in addition to its current farm mower offering. For example, mowers used in cutting the grass in garden offer great potential for SMC since SMC are already quite specialized in movers used by farmers. The change in product orientation would help it to capture different market niche and widen its target customer base. ? Alternative 2: Reject the proposal and concentrate on the development of own brands: On the other hand, SMC should consider further actions to develop alternative strategies if it rejects the proposal to produce the private label. ALaunching of new product: Trim Max. If rejecting the offer, the company could put more of its limited resources to the launch of Trim Max as a strategic move, widening its product line of trail-movers under the Swisher name. But the firm will possibly be confronted with some uncertainties, such as poor sales of Trim Max. BImproving profitability of Kits or discontinue it Among SMC’s four core products, Kits makes up to 8. 2% of SMC’s annual sales yet offers zero profits. With better coordination among its relevant functional areas within the firm, SMC could examine closely the root causes of the unprofitability of Kits and try to eliminate the non-value added portion of the value chain. If SMC cannot improve Kits’ profitability at last, it should consider dropping the production of Kits at all. CEstablishing nationwide distribution network Upon rejection of the offer, in the long run, SMC should put its efforts on establishing national distribution network for its product mix, especially Trim Max, the new introduction to the market. As we mentioned earlier, the western part of United Sates is untouched yet. SMC could try to push the distribution channel toward the western part. DDiversifying product lines The advent of the new product, Trim Max, would no doubt improve the product diversification. Furthermore, SMC should expand the newly introduced products and reduce the reliance on its old flagship product, the Ride King, which was designed in the 1950s. EMore advertising Obviously, the introduction of the new product should be fully assisted by full-scale advertisements and vigorous promotions. SMC can promote its products in the current geographic scope of distribution channel to expand the sales. Furthermore, SMC could consider vigorously promoting its product to the untouched part, the western part of US, and help to set up the national distribution channels. Final decision: After delving into all the pros and cons of the two alternatives, Wayne believes that SMC should adopt this private label proposal with eyes on the long-term development of own brand. Major reasons: For SMC, the benefits are comprised of both direct and indirect contributions. Direct cost saving and profit generation, Aexcess capacity utilization The most important reason to accept this offering is that SMC can make a full use of its capacity and make more profit. As we have explored previously, SMC has around 60% of idle capacity which comprised a potential opportunity costs. In addition, analyzing from economics’ angle, we find that total fixed costs of SMC’ s products remain unchange d with the utilization of idle capacity. The additional revenue arising from the sales of private label may possibly increase profits in SMC. BProfitability In 1996, sales can increase by 15. 2% and net profits would boost by 3. 74% after accepting the proposal. In the next two years, the sales and net profits will be rocketed to 178. 3% and 20. 59%, respectively, comparing with those in 1995. †¢ Indirect benefits on regarding the production of private label as a stepping stone to promoting SMC’s own brand AAccumulation of profits to finance future development The increased profit aroused from the contract could be accumulated as retained earning to finance the company’s future expansion. This is especially true, when SMC is of such a small scale (market share is less than one percent). It would be quite difficult to fully expand after sales and profits had plateaued for more than a decade. At this stage, private label production could provide SMC with necessary profits, which could finance future development. BAccumulation of operational experience The firm can get much precious experience on operating business on a larger scale and in full capacity. The experience includes management, marketing, operation and technology experience. All of these experiences should be considered as a preparation for great leap in the future. One afternoon in early 1996, Wayne Swisher, satisfied with his analysis about the current and future development of SMC, was confident that SMC could both benefit from the private label proposal, the birds at hand, and stay in track with the long-term development of SMC’s own brand. The funds, raised by utilization of excess capacity and the production of private label, and the experiences learned from production in full capacity, could assist SWC to step further to fully develop its own brands in the long run.